Climate geoengineering solutions to reach the Paris agreement temperature goals is not a taboo anymore.
For supporters of geoengineering, global change in humans’ behavior in the short term is a riskier bet than geoengineering development facing the climate emergency.
At this stage three main controversial aspects of geoengineering can be identified:
- Social acceptability : Many environmental NGOs advocate for a transformation of society rather than the development of compensatory technologies.
- Risk and impact : There are also many controversies among scientists about the effects of geoengineering and its risks. Risks include technological immaturity and impermanence, high financial costs, and environmental destruction for SRM (air quality and atmospheric pollution [11], on ocean and vegetation [16]
- Policy and governance issues : Finally, geoengineering also raises issues of policy and governance. Development of technologies with global impact should require the establishment of an international governance for cooperation and regulation (including experimentation,e.g. injection or spraying of molecules) [14].